” 辅导CSCI1120编程、 写作C++编程语言、 辅导C++课程编程CSCI1120 Introduction to Computing Using C++, Fall 2020/21Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Assignment 2: Missionaries and cannibals problemDue: 20:00, Thu 8 Oct 2020 File name: rowboat.cpp Full marks: 100IntroductionThe objective of this assignment is to let you practice the use of variables, operators, expressions,standard input/output and control flow in C++. You are to write a program to simulate a game basedon a classic river-crossing puzzle known as the missionaries and cannibals (MC) problem.In a classical Setting of the puzzle, three missionaries and three cannibals are on one bank of a river.There is one boat Available that can carry at most two people. They would use it to cross the river. Ifthe cannibals ever outnumber the missionaries on either of the rivers banks, the missionaries willget eaten! The boat Cannot cross the river by itself with no people on board. Under these constraints,how can the boat be used to safely carry all the missionaries and cannibals across the river?This problem is commonly turned into a game. You may play this game online on this website(Adobe Flash required) and watch a YouTube video showing the solution.In this assignment, you are to write a similar game program which is played via the console insteadof a graphical user interface. As another difference, we would generalize the problem. That meansthe program should let the user input the number of missionaries, cannibals and the boat capacity atthe beginning. The program then repeatedly prompts the user for how many missionaries and/orcannibals to get on the boat. It will check if the input numbers are valid under the above constraintand show the current game state. The aim of the program is not about implementing any solutionsearch algorithm to solve the puzzle (which is beyond our scope) but simply supporting the user toplay the game.Assume that all people are on the left bank initially. The current game state can be represented by asimple vector m, c, b where m and c denote the counts of missionaries and cannibals on the leftbank respectively, and b equals 1 or 0 represents whether the boat is on the left or on the right bank,respectively. So, the game starts with the initial state vector 3, 3, 1. To win the game, we need totake successive boat trips to advance the game state towards the goal state 0, 0, 0, which meansthat all the people and the boat are not on the left bank. They have all crossed the river!For convenience of discussion, let us also denote a specific MC problem in a tuple format (M, C, B)where M and C refer to the number of missionaries and cannibals respectively, and B represents theboat capacity. Some MC problems have no solutions. For example, (M, C, 1) for any non-zero M, Chas no solution since the man rowing the boat that can carry only one man is doomed to returningto the left bank with the boat or else the others can never cross the river. So, B must not be 2.Unless M C, for problems with B = 2, M and C must be = 3; for problems with B = 3, M and C mustbe = 5 or else they Have no solution. For problems with B = 4, there is no known bound on M andC for solution existence. Of course, M must always be = C in a valid problem.CSCI1120 Introduction to Computing Using C++, Fall 2020/21Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong KongCopyright 2020 CSE, CUHK Page 2 of 5 辅导CSCI1120作业、 写作C++编程语言作业The following table depicts a solution to the (3, 3, 2) MC problem. Each row shows the number ofmissionaries (m) and cannibals (c) on either bank and the state transition after each boat trip (theletter v denotes the Boat which is on the left bank whenever b = 1 in the state vector).Trip/State No. Left Bank River Right Bank State1 m m m c c c v 3, 3, 12 m m m c v c c 3, 1, 03 m m m c c v c 3, 2, 14 m m m v c c c 3, 0, 05 m m m c v c c 3, 1, 16 m c v m m c c 1, 1, 07 m m c c v m c 2, 2, 18 c c v m m m c 0, 2, 09 c c c v m m m 0, 3, 110 c v m m m c c 0, 1, 011 c c v m m m c 0, 2, 112 v m m m c c c 0, 0, 0Recall that in the vector m, c, b, m and c denote the number of missionaries and cannibals on theleft bank. In other words, M – m and C – c denote the number of missionaries and cannibals on theright bank. You win the game upon reaching the state 0, 0, 0 whereas you lose the game wheneverthe missionaries on either bank are outnumbered by the cannibals there, i.e. m c or M – m C cfor non-zero m and M – m.Program SpecificationThe program should obtain three numbers as user input which control the number of missionaries(M), the number of cannibals (C) and the boat capacity (B) at the beginning. These numbers have tobe validated against the criteria stated on p.1 to ensure that the game will have a solution before thegame gets started. Also, M and C must be = 1 to be meaningful.Then it starts a loop to prompt the user to enter two numbers, namely mb and cb, which representthe number of missionaries and cannibals to get on the boat. The sum of mb and cb is bounded by Band is at least 1 (at least one is needed for rowing the boat). Also, mb must be = cb for missionariesaboard not to be eaten. Of course, mb and cb cannot exceed the number of available missionariesand cannibals on the Bank concerned. Your program must check against these to assure a valid boattrip. If any condition stated here is violated, the program will show an error message and prompt theuser for input again until a valid pair of values is obtained.Upon receiving a valid pair of mb and cb, the program computes the current game state m, c, b andprints the number of missionaries and cannibals on both banks and the boat position to the consolein a specific format (see the Sample Runs section). It will repeat prompting the user for new boat tripinputs and game state handling until the state becomes 0, 0, 0 or the game losing conditionstated above is met, i.e. some missionaries get eaten! A game winning or losing message shouldbe printed accordingly.CSCI1120 Introduction to Computing Using C++, Fall 2020/21Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong KongCopyright 2020 CSE, CUHK Page 3 of 5Output Formatting RequirementsIn the Sample Runs section, please note that there are some formatting requirements your programmust follow. To display the game statistics neatly, the state, missionary and cannibal counts oneither bank are all right aligned, each in a fixed width that is set in the following manner. Supposethat M has x digits, and C has y digits. The field widths for the number of missionaries and cannibalson both banks will Be set to x and y respectively. The field width for the state counter will be set asmaximum(x, y) + 1. Padding is added to the left of those values with # digits the field width. Also,there is a single space after the word State and every comma. See the following examples.For M = 3, C = 3, the initial state is displayed as:State 1: [3m, 3c]v ~~~ [0m, 0c]For M = 30, C = 9, the initial state is displayed as:State 1: [30m, 9c]v ~~~ [ 0m, 0c]For M = 1000, C = 999, the initial state is displayed as:State 1: [1000m, 999c]v ~~~ [ 0m, 0c]A pair of square brackets is used to enclose each of the two banks. The boat is denoted by a letter v.The river is represented by 6 characters two spaces, then three ~ symbols, and then two spaces,but with the leftmost or rightmost space replaced by the boat symbol v, depending on which bankthe boat is located.Assumptions and Hints You can assume the user inputs are always non-negative integers bounded by 1000. There is noneed to validate the inputs against values that go beyond this assumption, e.g. abc, @#,99.9, -1, 1001, 9,999,999, etc. To achieve the right alignment stated above, you can make use of a standard librarys functionsetw(). To use it, you have to add #include iomanip at your programs beginning. Suppose the field Width for the state counter is set to 2. In case the player keeps playing thegame for so many rounds such that the state counter exceeds 2 digits, the output of the rest issimply shifted to the right accordingly. See the example below:…State 99: [3m, 3c]v ~~~ [0m, 0c]Enter #m #c aboard boat: 1 1State 100: [2m, 2c] ~~~ v[1m, 1c]Enter #m #c aboard boat: 1 1State 101: [3m, 3c]v ~~~ [0m, 0c]…2 digits 1 digit3 digits 2 digits 2 digits5 digits 4 digits 3 digits1 digit 1 digit4 digits 3 digitsLeft bank River Right bankCSCI1120 Introduction to Computing Using C++, Fall 2020/21Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong KongCopyright 2020 CSE, CUHK Page 4 of 5 To know the number of digits of a number, you may use any working method except for thirdparty API, e.g. counting with a loop, or converting into a string and get the strings length.Sample RunsIn the following sample runs, the blue text is user input and the other text is the program printout.You can try the Provided sample program for other input. Your program output should be exactly thesame as the sample program (same text, symbols, letter case, spacings, etc.). Note that there is aspace after the : in the program printout.Sample Run #1:Enter boat capacity: 2Enter #missionaries: 3Enter #cannibals: 3State 1: [3m, 3c]v ~~~ [0m, 0c]Enter #m #c aboard boat: 1 1State 2: [2m, 2c] ~~~ v[1m, 1c]Enter #m #c aboard boat: 1 0State 3: [3m, 2c]v ~~~ [0m, 1c]Enter #m #c aboard boat: 0 2State 4: [3m, 0c] ~~~ v[0m, 3c]Enter #m #c aboard boat: 0 1State 5: [3m, 1c]v ~~~ [0m, 2c]Enter #m #c aboard boat: 2 0State 6: [1m, 1c] ~~~ v[2m, 2c]Enter #m #c aboard boat: 1 1State 7: [2m, 2c]v ~~~ [1m, 1c]Enter #m #c aboard boat: 2 0State 8: [0m, 2c] ~~~ v[3m, 1c]Enter #m #c aboard boat: 0 1State 9: [0m, 3c]v ~~~ [3m, 0c]Enter #m #c Aboard boat: 0 2State 10: [0m, 1c] ~~~ v[3m, 2c]Enter #m #c aboard boat: 0 1State 11: [0m, 2c]v ~~~ [3m, 1c]Enter #m #c aboard boat: 0 2State 12: [0m, 0c] ~~~ v[3m, 3c]Congratulations! You win!Sample Run #2:Enter boat Capacity: 1Enter #missionaries: 2Enter #cannibals: 2Invalid input!Enter boat capacity: 2Enter #missionaries: 5Enter #cannibals: 5Invalid input!CSCI1120 Introduction to Computing Using C++, Fall 2020/21Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong KongCopyright 2020 CSE, CUHK Page 5 of 5Enter boat capacity: 2Enter #missionaries: 2Enter #cannibals: 3Invalid input!Enter boat capacity: 3Enter #missionaries: 6Enter #cannibals: 6Invalid input!Enter boat capacity: 4Enter #missionaries: 100Enter #cannibals: 99State 1: [100m, 99c]v ~~~ [ 0m, 0c]Enter #m #c aboard boat: 3 2Invalid input!Enter #m #c aboard boat: 1 3Invalid input!Enter #m #c aboard boat: 0 4State 2: [100m, 95c] ~~~ v[ 0m, 4c]Enter #m #c aboard boat: 0 5Invalid input!Enter #m #c aboard boat: 1 0Invalid input!Enter #m #C aboard boat: 0 1State 3: [100m, 96c]v ~~~ [ 0m, 3c]Enter #m #c aboard boat: 4 0State 4: [ 96m, 96c] ~~~ v[ 4m, 3c]Enter #m #c aboard boat: 1 2Invalid input!Enter #m #c aboard boat: 0 2State 5: [ 96m, 98c]v ~~~ [ 4m, 1c]Game over! Missionaries eaten! There are many combinations of possible inputs. Please check your program correctness againstthe results produced By our sample program executable posted on Blackboard.Submission and Marking Your program source file name should be rowboat.cpp. Submit the file in Blackboard( httpss://blackboard.cuhk.edu.hk/). Insert your name, student ID, and e-mail as comments at the beginning of your source file. You can submit your assignment multiple times. Only the latest submission counts. Your program should be free of compilation errors and warnings. Your program should include suitable comments as documentation. Do NOT plagiarize. Sending your work to others is subject to the same penalty for copying work.如有需要，请加QQ：99515681 或邮箱：99515681@qq.com
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